Tuesday, December 31, 2019

The Hunger Of Hunger By Penelope Cruz - 823 Words

Jacqueline March Dupont Challenge Agriscience January 26, 2015 Fighting Hunger As Penelope Cruz stated, â€Å"We need to stop the dying and start the living; stop the hunger and start the hoping.† At this moment there are approximately 842 million people worldwide that are hungry. This is about 1 of every 8th person you see. That’s over 2.5 times the population of the United States. In 2012, more than 18,000 children younger than 5 died every day; most from preventable causes. It’s estimated that nearly 8,000 of these deaths were tied to hunger. That’s about one every 10 seconds. Most of these kids died not from starvation, but from malnutrition. Malnutrition means going too long without the right kind of food. Eating just enough to stay alive had weakened their bodies so much that disease could come through and strike the final blow. In 2014, approximately 49 million Americans Struggled with Hunger, and continue to struggle each and every day. There are people all around us that are hungry, and no one ever notices. But why don’t we notice? They are everywhere. They’re in our schools, on our sports teams and in our community. It may be that we are too focused on our own wealth and family we don’t care or think to help others. Those around us are similar; those who starve may have no major noticeable physical differences than the rest of us. This is why we don’t notice those in need. Sometimes The average American family of four ends up throwing away an equivalent of up toShow MoreRelatedEssay about Celebrity Activists in Contemporary Society3637 Words   |  15 PagesAmerican aid organizations, including Bread for the World and Mercy Corps. The list of celebrity participants on their website includes stars such as Bono (the campaign’s most prominent spokesperson), Matt Damon, George Clooney, Brad Pitt, Tom Hanks, Penelope Cruz, and Dave Matthews (2006 ONE). In the About ONE section of the ONE Campaign’s website, one of the questions listed is â€Å"Why use celebrity spokespersons?† The answer is this: Everyone does what they can–whether its getting our issues onRead MoreTraffic, Directed by Steven Soderbergh Essay3306 Words   |  14 Pages Traffic. Dir. Steven Soderbergh. Perf. Michael Douglas, Benicio Del Toro, Catherine Zeta-Jones, Dennis Quaid. USA Films, 2000. Blow. Dir. Ted Demme. Perf. Johnny Depp, Penelope Cruz, Paul Reubens, Ray Liotta. New Line Cinema, 2001. 1. Just as the intoxicating sensations of different drugs are incommensurable with one another, so films about different drugs tend to have radically different themes and effects. In American popular culture perhaps the illegalRead MoreSolution Manual, Test Bank and Instructor Manuals34836 Words   |  140 PagesHiggins (SM+IM) Concepts in Federal Taxation 2013, 20th Edition_Kevin E. Murphy,Mark Higgins (SM+IM+TB) Concepts in Strategic Management Business Policy, 12E_Thomas L. Wheelen,J. David Hunger (SM+TB) Concepts in Strategic Management and Business Policy Toward Global Sustainability, 13E_Thomas L. Wheelen,J. David Hunger (SM+TB ) Concepts of Genetics Plus MasteringGenetics -- Access Card Package, 10E_William S. Klug,Michael R. Cummings,Charlotte A. Spencer,Michael A. Palladino (TB) Conceptual Chemistry

Monday, December 23, 2019

Argumentive Essay Fraternities and Sorrorities - 1735 Words

Against Fraternities/Sororities As portrayed in the 1978 hit movie Animal House, college fraternities/sororities are a hotbed of excessive drinking, casual sex, vandalism, and generally licentious behavior. But, in real life, unlike the movie, the results of such conduct are hardly laughable. Even though the nationwide membership in both fraternities and sororities are at an all time high of 350,000 members, fraternities and sororities are still receiving harsh criticism from university leaders and civic authorities. In the face of several recent incidents, fraternity and sorority behaviors can no longer be viewed as harmless school boy or school girl high jinks, but must be seen for what it truly is, a dangerous threat to the†¦show more content†¦Although not as dangerous as hazing, the problem of racism among fraternities and sororities are also a growing problem. At the University of Southern California, in Thomas 4 2003, members of a rival fraternity spray painted anti-Semitic slogans on the sidewalk in front of a Jewish fraternity house. In another disgraceful episode, at Oklahoma State University, Sigma Alpha Epsilon brothers were reprimanded after holding a â€Å"plantation party,† during which several members masqueraded as black slaves.(Inside Greek U: Fraternities, Sororities and the Pursuit of Pleasure, Power and Prestige 1-125). Kappa Alpha chapters, traditionally strong in the Southeast, hold â€Å"Old South† parties annually. At these parties, females dress as southern belles while the K. A.s don Confederate Army uniforms in a satirical reenactment of the days when slavery prevailed. A Fiji Island party at the University of Wisconsin was halted after college officials deemed the tropical garb and black makeup worn by the brothers as racially offensive. Similarly, the Delta Kappa Epsilon at Louisiana’s Tulane University blackened their faces during the 30 annual â €Å"Debut

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Comitatus Anglo Saxon Free Essays

The phrase comitatus is exceedingly important in Anglo-Saxon culture, and is demonstrated profoundly in Anglo-Saxon texts. Comitatus means fellowship, particularly an allegiance between a chieftain and his men. This phrase refers to a very important tradition during the times of the Anglo-Saxons. We will write a custom essay sample on Comitatus: Anglo Saxon or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was so important because these men were constantly protecting their people from outside attacks and invasions and the comitatus was the bond that held these men together and that is what they lived for. Specific Anglo-Saxon texts where comitatus is eminently portrayed is Beowulf, The Wanderer, and The Seafarer. Beowulf is an Old-English written epic, during the Anglo-Saxon period in which a hero, Beowulf, is shown battling three different agons throughout his life. Comitatus is tremendously present throughout this entire story. For example Beowulf sails to Denmark with fourteen warriors to defeat Grendel, out of respect and to protect their allies, the Danes. This shows Comitatus because Beowulf is not only trusting of his men, but also risking his life for good riddance with King Hrothgar of Denmark. The reason to why Beowulf must defeat the Grendel is because of comitatus as well, because the Danes night in and night out were strengthening their friendship in the mead-hall, Heorot, and Grendel became jealous of this â€Å"fellowship. † Another example of comitatus in Beowulf is when Beowulf is fighting the dragon and Wiglaf comes in and helps Beowulf win out of respect for his leader and his accomplishments. Comitatus is presented numerously throughout Beowulf and represents the ideals and way of life of the Anglo-Saxons. The Wanderer is an Anglo-Saxon poem in which a warrior longs for old times, as he nostalgically ponders when he served his lord as well as feasted with his friends. The wanderer in the story has lost his fellow warriors and lord in battle, and now walks alone in exile. This poem shows the wanderer remembering times of comitatus and wishing those times were once again subsisting. He recalls his comrades and the costly hall gifts of his gracious gold friend, which he gave him in youth. † (ln. 34-35) The wanderer dreams of seeing his lord, kissing him and experiencing pleasure of doing him favors. At the end of the poem the man talks of the present times and his soul becoming sick and dark, because comitatus is no longer a value in his life. In the Anglo-Saxon poem The Seafarer, it is much like The Wanderer in which the speaker of the poem dreams of times with fellow ship or comitatus. The man in the poem is out at sea, as days go by and he sits in the freezing cold jealous of men blessed with happy land-life. â€Å"The swan’s blare my seldom amusement; for men’s laughter there was curlew call, there were the cries of gannets, for mead-drinking the music of the gull. † (ln. 23-26) The seafarer wants to be with his people drinking mead and listening to music and stories, otherwise known as comitatus. He speaks of his despairing mind and how there is no friend or brother or around to share his thoughts with. He also says that no man is likely to guess how he has wasted whole winters, cut off from kind. The Seafarer truly displays the sorrow of the speaker and really portrays the importance of comitatus in one’s life, because without it he is devastated. Anglo-Saxons based their entire lives and worthiness off of comitatus, as well as making a name for themselves. These values feed off one another because while making a name for yourself you want to have others to share it with in order to make it worthy. Comitatus is evident in many Anglo-Saxon texts and is validated in Beowulf, The Wanderer, and The Seafarer. In Beowulf comitatus is constantly shown on a regular basis and is present many times throughout the story. In The Wanderer, and The Seafarer, comitatus is not present, but rather the men of these stories wish that it was in their lives at the time. The constant display of this value as well as the desire to have comitatus in one’s life shows just how important it is in the life of an Anglo-Saxon. How to cite Comitatus: Anglo Saxon, Essay examples

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Chapter 11 Essay Example For Students

Chapter 11 Essay Journal 42/22/04 . 4. (a) This is true, as stated in the textbook, Any synthetic ornatural chemical can be harmful if ingested in a large quantity. Alsosome chemicals that are not toxic can be more dangerous then toxicchemicals. It all matters on the chemical concentration and on theamount of detection are found. (b) This statement is true in some part, small dosages or smallexposures to toxic chemicals we should not worry about because ourbody can genetically adapt and clear out such chemicals. There arethree ways that it is possible to be exposed to harmful chemicals andhave there effects be insignificant. Enzymes found in the liver helpbreak down, dilute or excrete small amounts of most toxins to keepthem from reaching a harmful level. Individual cells have enzymes thatcan repair damage to DNA and protein molecules. And, cells in someparts of the body reproduce fast enough to replace damaged cells. (c) This is not true; genetic engineering can not reduce or eliminateall types of exposures to toxic chemicals especially if we are facedwith a large abundance of a certain type of toxic chemical. . 6. I think that pollution levels should be set to protect everyoneincluding the most sensitive and the average person. The mostsensitive people so not make up most of the population but they domake up some of it and they also deserve to be able and go outsidetoo. Also, if the population outside effects the most sensitive personit probably also effects the average person but at a different level. I think it is beneficial to all to set the population level to protecteveryone. . 7. (a) Lifestyle1. I go tanning ( skin cancer 2. Drive a car ( car crash 3. Take airplanes ( plane crash 4. Drink alcohol 5. I dont eat that healthy or really exercise (b) Live in a city 1. Can get hit by a car or t 2. Pollution 3. Around smokers (second hand smoke 4. Everyone lives pretty close to one another ( can catchillnesses 5. (c) What you do for a living ( Student 1. Stress 2. Can get sick easily ( always around people 3. 4. 5. Some of these risks are voluntary and some are involuntary. Goingtanning, drinking alcohol, not eating healthy, not exercising are allvoluntary risks. If I want I can do something to avoid the risk. Whileother risks you can not avoid such as the pollution in your area Reduction of risks:1. Eat Healthy2. Exercise3. Be aware of your surrounding4. Avoid dangerous situations5. Do not to drink alcohol or do drugsI actually plan on trying to be aware of my surrounding; I thinkthat this one is very important this can avoid a lot of risks. Ialso plan on trying to eat healthy which will probably happenfor a day or two and then I will most likely go back to my oldways. I would like to say that I will exercise but I do not haveenergy to, when ever I think of exercise I never want to do it,I rather watch TV. I never try and get myself in dangeroussituations, so I think that will be easy to part take in. I donot do drugs but I do drink which I probably will not change orstop. Chapter 12 . 2. It is rational for a poor couple in a developing country to havefour or five children. This is true because the more children you havethe more children you can send off to work and make money for thefamily to survive. Also, in developing countries the infant mortalityrate is very high, so some of the children that a family might havewill die at an early age because they do not have proper resources. .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834 , .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834 .postImageUrl , .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834 , .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834:hover , .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834:visited , .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834:active { border:0!important; } .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834:active , .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834 .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3f15f24528610fa81c62c9961d363834:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: American Labor Movement: Development of Unions EssaySome changes that might induce such a couple to consider theirbehavior irrational is that the infant mortality rate might decreaseand also there is less need for their children to work, so they do notneed as many kids. Having that many kids would serve as a negativebecause they do not need to work but their family does still have totake care of them, so there are more mouths that need to be fed. . 4. This would not immediately stop global population growth because ofthe age structure. The age structure is the proportion of thepopulation at each age level. It would take at least another 50 yearsto stabilize the pollution growth. . 8. (a) I agree, if the United States want to try and achieve a certainnumber of population growth then they have to reduce the amount ofimmigrants they allow into the country. (b) This should be done by watching the borders more carefully andmore strictly and making sure that they do not let in too many people. Also we should put a limit on how many people can become citizens eachyear to try and reduce the amounts of immigrants. Also, maybe weshould have stricter laws about illegal immigrants and what happenswhen we find them in the United States. (c) I disagree, I do not think that the Untied States should givefamilies financial incentives to have more children to preventeventual population declines. I think this because if money isinvolved it is very likely that a lot of families are going to wantand partake in this and this can cause a reverse effect of what theyplanned it would cause an overpopulation, which would be anotherproblem. (d) I agree, I think it would be a good idea to try and stabilize thepopulation. If this is done, then we can reduce unnecessary resourcewaste and consumption because we would know how much we need toproduce according to the population and in return we would have lesswaste. Also, if there are less people then there would less wastealtogether, which would help with our pollution levels in the UnitedStates. (d) I agree, I think that everyone should have the right to have asmany children as they want as long as they are able to support thekids financial and they are not depending on the government for money. Even though it goes against my response for question d aboutstabilizing the population because you can not possible stabilizes thepopulation if you allow everyone to have as many children as theywant.

Friday, November 29, 2019

7 New Year’s Resolutions For Students

Now that it's December and all of the Christmas decorations are unavoidable, we've cast our minds further to thinking about the New Year. Although we believe New Year's Resolutions can and should be made any time of the year, at Essay Writing Service UK we've come up with seven resolutions all students should consider in order to start 2015 off well. Get more organised Stick to a more organised way of working. Make the most of your learning style and embrace what works best for you. Whether it's coloured post-it notes, a long to-do list, mindmaps, or picture cards, there are a number of ways to integrate a more organised routine of life and work into your time at university. Schedules and timetables can help you to juggle work and socials better. Setting down these ways of working early will allow you to progress further when it comes to the future of employment too. Proving that you can handle overlapping deadlines and manage time effectively are both essential skills to many employers. Keep CV updated If your CV hasn't been updated since you first applied to university then things need to change! Regardless of whether you are looking for a job or further education opportunities imminently, try to find time to keep your CV up to date. This will prevent you from forgetting any new skills you have learnt, or achievements and certificates you have acquired. Include any work experience, volunteering and societies, as well as a detailed account of your progressive skills gained during university. The more you work on your CV, the better it will be. Linkedin is also a great place to keep an online copy of your CV. As a social network for business, potential employers can easily access your information, making this great for future job opportunities. Cut down on distractions (via ZD Net) With the rise of social media, digital platforms, and portable devices, there are even more ways to procrastinate from doing work. Try to cut down on all of these distractions by limiting the use of your phone or the number of TV shows you watch for example. When you sit down to work, leave you phone on the other side of the room, in a closed drawer or even switched off. Just knowing that you can't access it will allow you to concentrate better. Also save that next TV episode as a reward for doing work! Stay on top of the housework Many student houses are guilty of pushing the housework to one side. Don't become that one messy housemate that everyone else is left to clean up after though. Commit yourself to staying on top of the housework. Washing up your dishes straight after a meal and cleaning the kitchen work surfaces as you go will be quicker in the long run. Work out a rota within your house for cleaning communal areas such as the bathroom and hallways. A clean house will set you more at ease, helping you to prioritise work and deadlines. You can avoid those unnecessary arguments with your housemates too! Spend and budget wisely (via Rand) By the end of the year you should have a good assessment of your finances. Admittedly, Freshers Week and Christmas might have made a more significant dent in your bank account but seriously address your spendings. Budgeting wisely is essential during university to avoid coming out with an even higher student debt. You may find that you have been spending too much on clothing, electronic items or alcohol, for example, so this could be changed. Limit the number of treats' to save you pennies. Look into volunteering One of the most rewarding things you can do is get involved with volunteering opportunities. Help out with your local community or on campus and make a difference to the people around you. You may not get paid for your time but dedicating your time and skills to different projects will help you to gather all of the skills you would do in a paid job...and more! Volunteering hours looks great on your CV and show a general interest outside of your studies and social life. Have a look to see what you can get involved in. Join sports clubs or societies As well as the academic and social side of university, sports clubs and societies are a big part of university culture. Your time at university might be the only chance for you to try out new sports or enrol in different clubs. Make the most of what your university has to offer and get involved in anything that takes your fancy. If you've always want to have a go at ballet or you miss playing football for your school team, look into the university's clubs. Even if things don't work out you can say you tried! Whether you decide to do a few or all of these things, make the most of your time at university, and benefit from a more organised and eclectic experience. At Essay Writing Service UK we can help get your essay and writing skills on track. Simply contact us today for advice and guidance. Don't forget to check out the rest of our blog for more tips to get you through your time in education.

Monday, November 25, 2019

Intro Afro American Studies Bi-Weekly #2 Essays - Free Essays

Intro Afro American Studies Bi-Weekly #2 Essays - Free Essays October 1, 2015 Intro Afro American Studies Bi-Weekly #2 How did Africans preserve and affirm their way of life and use their identities as a means of enslavement? Abstract: The main goal of slavery is usually to deny victims their native cultural identity and sovereign. Africans were derived of their cultural habitats and identity; they were expected to abandon African heritage and to adopt the European lifestyle. Africans could not keep their traditions because it was seen as offensive under whites. Africans blended Catholicism. They took cultures they brought them and blended them with the things around them and allowed them to continue to be human the world (Dr.Carr). However, we are able to differentiate African culture from European culture. To certain people, this has been explained as a form of oppression but in reality it was just Africans refusing to conform. Africans will always hold onto their culture even if we are under relentless attacks and various powers from outside forces. Culture never dies, its passed on; that is why it changes. (Dr.Carr) and by using this quote, it expresses the fact that Africans dont break lines in Afric an culture. Critical Review of Scholarship: e sources I will be looking at are Eloquence of the Scribes and African Women, Resistance Cultures and Cultural Resistance to analyze how literature and cultural movements played a part in the resistance of African people against European people as a whole and womens impact in the 20th century. During class, we talked about how the color line belts the world. This phrase meant color discrimination. During the 20th century, there was human hate and prejudice, which caused endless evil to all men. Throughout history, Africans have lost their value of living in the way of their ancestors due to the fact that Europeans want to keep their history alive by installing their history into African minds. (From deriving African culture, the future of Africa is still in the stage of European colonization. I am going to express how the Puritans and enslaved African-Americans affirmed their culture. Discussion: The Puritans, African Americans and Native Americans affirmed their identity in Colonial America through oral traditions, songs and rituals, which were a cultural movement meaning. The Puritans affirmed their identity through religious beliefs and theocracy. Since the Puritans storyteller stories are based on the bible, most children were inaccessible to reality. Children grew up on the same beliefs as their elders and grandparents. All Puritans were considered sinning because of the teachings of the bible. They believed in predestination, which means those selected by God are saved and go to Heaven yet the other Puritans respected hard work. They used their theocracy to complete their utopian society and have made their first appearance by historians if they achieved their dream. The Puritans did affirm their beliefs through cultural movements by their storytelling by their theocracy and achievement of their utopian society. Enslaved African-Americans affirmed their identity through their development resistance towards slavery, sacred songs and their storytelling also. Although, storytelling has existed in many cultures, but existed for different reasons than that of the Puritans. After a long harsh life, enslaved African Americans began to imagine and dream of freedom. Most slaves had got an education, learned how to speak English and sing. Being a slave herself, Harriet Tubman, helped other slaves escape by singing songs. During the 20th century women sung songs, what are referred to today as negro spirituals as a way to pass the time while in the labor workforce. The songs contained encrypted messages about the African culture in a simple form. (Kuumba M. Bahati. African Women, Resistance Cultures and Cultural Resistance). They also sung songs as a resistance against the Europeans and kept their culture alive. One sacred song called Follow the Drinking Gourd was the North Star to freedom and up north U.S. This song motivated slaves to seek freedom. When a slave became a free slave, their happiness belonged to those that paved the way for them and risked their lives. The enslaved African-Americans of colonial times truly affirmed their culture and identity their courage and determination of freedom will be remembered for many years. All of the races, cultures, and traditions whether they

Friday, November 22, 2019

Measured Building Survey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Measured Building Survey - Essay Example It comments on the current state of all parts of the structure. These parts of the building are physically inspected but limited to the scope of services offered by the building surveyor. Major defects survey is also referred to as main elements survey. For this type of survey, focus is on the main parts of the structure. Inspection and report concentrate on selected areas like roofs, floors, ceilings and windows. The home buyer report survey is standardized, covering main aspects of the structure but not detailed. It is restricted only to accessible parts of the structure. Specific survey narrows down the scope of survey to particular parts of a property depending on the owner’s knowledge (Douglas, and Noy, 2011 P.8). In most cases, building survey is advocated for buildings that lack documentation or they cannot be used. However, it assists in developing reliable and an accurate document and or a verification of an existing document. This makes building survey an essential a ctivity in the planning process as well as providing detailed information for further planning activities. The methods of survey used are: field sketch, dimensioned sketch, tape and offset survey or extended baseline survey and plane table and alidade survey. The best survey is achieved through a combination of these three methods (Scotland’s Rural Past, 2005, p.6). Sketches, plans and accurate geometric data together with information gathered from survey are combined and structured properly. These parameters are used to derive an actual design and planning process. The first step towards building survey is taking of measurements on site by use of conventional equipment like measuring stick or optical distance meters. Sophisticated surveying techniques like tachometry, laser scanner and photogrammetry are used (.Douglas, and Noy 2011, p.34). The next steps involve combining the measurements to produce details, sections and elevation of the property that are derived from plan. According to RICS (2007, p.30), any residential property is defined by linear measurement but not from floor area. Measurements are taken from a point not greater than 1.5 meters above the floor and skirting board. Recesses, bays and the like are excluded in the measurements taken. The room area should include kitchen units, cupboards and the like although it must be identified separately. When taking garage measurements, the span between main walls faces internally are of importance. Risk Assessment Some of the factors to consider in risk assessment are: Critical areas of concern in relation to residential property. Considerations from building codes and seismic zones. How to get information in relation to resources, skills and ability to investigate what you are not familiar with. Commitment to the task of checking and confirming details in the design. From the plan, elevations and sections developed from survey, the form, dimensions, orientation, natural lighting, ventilation an d spatial organizations of occupants assist in redesigning a new property. Issues required in designing of a house and their relevance as well as recommendations is considered. This is what is called risk assessment that aims at construction of safer homes. The main risks for property are; fire, harsh environment, floods, cyclones and earthquakes. The main services are drainage, gas, electricity and water. The